In IR you got your query and from this query you get a result. But how good is this result? One way to measure this is by calculating the clarity of the result. The clarity means – generally speaking – how much the found results differ. You can measure this when you look a the result sets and try to find out how much the words in the found documents differ. Query clarity can tell you, how much ambiguity you have in your query.
Of course there are different ways to calculate the query clarity. The basic model is the one introduced by Cronen-Townsend et al. Others are the Improved Clarity Score by Hauff et al. and the Simplified Clarity Score by He and Ounis.